Words you need to know for poetry:
Alliteration- The repetition of identical consonant sounds, most often the sounds beginning words, in close proximity (The wicked witch wore warm warts. Sally sells sea shells by the sea shore. Brenda bought a bicycle.)
Couplet- two successive rhyming lines (look at lines 3 and 4 in the poem below)
Hyperbole- Exaggeration (I'm so hungry that I could eat a horse, his yell almost exploded my head, and I'm so bored that I could die)
Imagery- using descriptive words to provide an image or idea in the reader's head
Metaphor- comparison between two unlike things, this describes one thing as if it were something else (this toast is a brick, your hands are icicles, this brick is a slab of putty)
Rhyme Scheme- the pattern of rhyme between lines of a poem or song (in the first stanza; aa is for you and blue, bb is for head and bed, and cc for dark and park.)
Internal Rhyme- an exact rhyme within a line of poetry (From Annabel Lee; For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams, And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes, or And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side)
End Rhyme- the rhyming of words at the ends of lines of poetry (in the poem; bed and head)
Onomatopoeia- words used to create a sound (BOOM, POW, WHAP)
Personification- giving traits of a human to a nonliving thing (the sun smiled over the horizon, the wind screeched as it blew louder, the tree groaned under its own weight)
Repetition- a literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer
Rhythm- a literary device which demonstrates the long and short patterns through stressed and unstressed syllables(in the first stanza of the poem below, the rhyme goes like this, you and blue, head and bed, and dark and park)
Simile- comparing unlike things using the words "like" or "as" (your fingers are as cold as ice, this bed is as soft as a marshmallow, this itch is like a wildfire on my back)
Stanza- a group of lines within a poem
Pun- a play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by exploiting similar sounding words having different meanings (The life of the butcher is at steak, giving away blood is such a draining procedure, that dyer dyed on a Tuesday)
Triplet- a three line, mono-rhymed verse with meter at the discretion of the poet (it should have the same syllables for each line)
Verse- a single line in poetry (from the poem; you can wear it in the dark, it was purchased just for you, or when you're happy or you're blue.)
Assonance- repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in non-rhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible (the rain in Spain mainly falls in the plain, I like to hike with my mountain bike, Lady Gaga can read and weed her garden.)
Haiku- a three verse poem that has a total of 17 syllables with 5 syllables in the first and last lines and 7 in the middle line.
Ballad- a poem that is often set to music and a narrative
Ode- a poem that is often set to music or a play
Epic- a book-long poem that often tells the heroic story of a person (Secrets in the Keep, the Iliad, the Odyssey)
Elegy- a traditionally written poem in response to the death or passing of a person
Quatrain- four-line stanza or grouping of four lines of verse
Allusion- a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance (tickling him was his Achilles' heel, he was a real Romeo with the ladies, when she lost her job, she was a Scrooge.
Examples:
Example of Haiku:
Leaves change in the fall
Their colors change prettily
I enjoy them most
Example of Quatrain:
"Hope" is the thing with feathers
That perches in the soul
And sings the tune without the words
And never stops at all,
Or:
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there's some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
Example of a triplet:
I like to play ball
It is good for all
If not I will bawl
Practice
Name the type of poem
1. Tests are so boring
Dull, Pointless, and Brain-Fogging
They make me sleepy
2. It is really hard to tell
The person that really fell
In that hole and cast a spell
3. Tyger, tyger, burning bright
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
4. In the poem above, is there repetition? If so, where is it?
5. What is a poem often set to a play or music?
6. What is a poem that often tells the heroic journey or story of a person?
7. What is a poem that is in response to the death of a person?
8. What is a poem that is often set to music or a narrative?
9. What is a play on word in a humorous way to make a humorous effect?
10. This is an example of what: I like to bike
11. Find the rhyme scheme of the second stanza of the poem below
12. Name this literary device: BOOM
13. Name this literary device: it was so cold, I saw polar bears wearing jackets
Find the literary terms above in the poem below:
This is an excerpt from "Preludes," by T.S. Eliot
The winter evening settles down
With smell of steaks in passageways.
Six o'clock.
The burnt-out ends of smoky days.
And now a gusty shower wraps
The grimy scraps
Of withered leaves about your feet
And newspapers from vacant lots;
The showers beat
On broken blinds and chimney-pots,
And at the corner of the street
A lonely cab-horse steams and stamps.
And then the lighting of the lamps.
Let us go then, you and I,
When the evening is spread out against the sky
Like a patient etherised upon a table;
Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,
The muttering retreats
Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels
And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells
Alliteration- The repetition of identical consonant sounds, most often the sounds beginning words, in close proximity (The wicked witch wore warm warts. Sally sells sea shells by the sea shore. Brenda bought a bicycle.)
Couplet- two successive rhyming lines (look at lines 3 and 4 in the poem below)
Hyperbole- Exaggeration (I'm so hungry that I could eat a horse, his yell almost exploded my head, and I'm so bored that I could die)
Imagery- using descriptive words to provide an image or idea in the reader's head
Metaphor- comparison between two unlike things, this describes one thing as if it were something else (this toast is a brick, your hands are icicles, this brick is a slab of putty)
Rhyme Scheme- the pattern of rhyme between lines of a poem or song (in the first stanza; aa is for you and blue, bb is for head and bed, and cc for dark and park.)
Internal Rhyme- an exact rhyme within a line of poetry (From Annabel Lee; For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams, And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes, or And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side)
End Rhyme- the rhyming of words at the ends of lines of poetry (in the poem; bed and head)
Onomatopoeia- words used to create a sound (BOOM, POW, WHAP)
Personification- giving traits of a human to a nonliving thing (the sun smiled over the horizon, the wind screeched as it blew louder, the tree groaned under its own weight)
Repetition- a literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer
Rhythm- a literary device which demonstrates the long and short patterns through stressed and unstressed syllables(in the first stanza of the poem below, the rhyme goes like this, you and blue, head and bed, and dark and park)
Simile- comparing unlike things using the words "like" or "as" (your fingers are as cold as ice, this bed is as soft as a marshmallow, this itch is like a wildfire on my back)
Stanza- a group of lines within a poem
Pun- a play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by exploiting similar sounding words having different meanings (The life of the butcher is at steak, giving away blood is such a draining procedure, that dyer dyed on a Tuesday)
Triplet- a three line, mono-rhymed verse with meter at the discretion of the poet (it should have the same syllables for each line)
Verse- a single line in poetry (from the poem; you can wear it in the dark, it was purchased just for you, or when you're happy or you're blue.)
Assonance- repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in non-rhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible (the rain in Spain mainly falls in the plain, I like to hike with my mountain bike, Lady Gaga can read and weed her garden.)
Haiku- a three verse poem that has a total of 17 syllables with 5 syllables in the first and last lines and 7 in the middle line.
Ballad- a poem that is often set to music and a narrative
Ode- a poem that is often set to music or a play
Epic- a book-long poem that often tells the heroic story of a person (Secrets in the Keep, the Iliad, the Odyssey)
Elegy- a traditionally written poem in response to the death or passing of a person
Quatrain- four-line stanza or grouping of four lines of verse
Allusion- a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance (tickling him was his Achilles' heel, he was a real Romeo with the ladies, when she lost her job, she was a Scrooge.
Examples:
- It was purchased just for you, An example of a stanza are these little groupings of lines in this poem.
- when you're happy or you're blue,
- you can wear it on your head,
- 'round the house or in your bed,
- you can wear it in the dark,
- while you're strolling in the park.
- You can wear it going to Church,
- or by the tele watching Lurch,
- you could wear it to do the wash,
- or when cooking stew or squash.
- Frosty Freeze is like Carvel,
- always had this great old smell,
- frozen custard, ain't it grand,
- lots of trips to that old stand,
- Werner Brooks and A & W,
- didn't have Wawa or VW.
- Thought this shirt might have some power,
- to take old cancer to the shower,
- to make you laugh and push that bug,
- with a big old "Frap" and a giant mug.
- Whatever it does, it's inspired from above,
- and sent from your brother with a whole lot of
- LOVE.
Example of Haiku:
Leaves change in the fall
Their colors change prettily
I enjoy them most
Example of Quatrain:
"Hope" is the thing with feathers
That perches in the soul
And sings the tune without the words
And never stops at all,
Or:
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there's some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
Example of a triplet:
I like to play ball
It is good for all
If not I will bawl
Practice
Name the type of poem
1. Tests are so boring
Dull, Pointless, and Brain-Fogging
They make me sleepy
2. It is really hard to tell
The person that really fell
In that hole and cast a spell
3. Tyger, tyger, burning bright
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
4. In the poem above, is there repetition? If so, where is it?
5. What is a poem often set to a play or music?
6. What is a poem that often tells the heroic journey or story of a person?
7. What is a poem that is in response to the death of a person?
8. What is a poem that is often set to music or a narrative?
9. What is a play on word in a humorous way to make a humorous effect?
10. This is an example of what: I like to bike
11. Find the rhyme scheme of the second stanza of the poem below
12. Name this literary device: BOOM
13. Name this literary device: it was so cold, I saw polar bears wearing jackets
Find the literary terms above in the poem below:
This is an excerpt from "Preludes," by T.S. Eliot
The winter evening settles down
With smell of steaks in passageways.
Six o'clock.
The burnt-out ends of smoky days.
And now a gusty shower wraps
The grimy scraps
Of withered leaves about your feet
And newspapers from vacant lots;
The showers beat
On broken blinds and chimney-pots,
And at the corner of the street
A lonely cab-horse steams and stamps.
And then the lighting of the lamps.
Let us go then, you and I,
When the evening is spread out against the sky
Like a patient etherised upon a table;
Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,
The muttering retreats
Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels
And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells
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